Treatment of autism with stem cells is extremely relevant and is still considered an experimental method. Autism is usually not diagnosed until a child is several years old. The diagnosis is based on difficulties with language and social skills, as well as violent or repetitive actions in the child's behavior. The percentage of children with autism is growing in developed countries. Autism spectrum disorders are known to have multiple risk factors, which is why neurologists call autism a "heterogeneous" disorder. Some children have a genetic component of autism.

Autism is a good candidate for stem cell therapy because there is evidence that intravenously administered stem cells have anti-inflammatory effects, can improve overall regulation of the immune system, and improve neural connections in the brain.